Marks and Spencer Sustainability Analysis Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Transportation M&S relies on vans for major transportation services. Coyle et al. , (2002) state that the company partnered with Joint Retail Logistics to produce and assemble a light weight automobile to cut down fuel consumption by 16%. The move to manufacturing a vehicle is sustainable and can help the company to minimize the trips if the vehicles deck is increased by 70%. It can also improve transportation by using trucks or Lorries to carry bulky loads and minimize the cost and fuel. Reverse Logistics and Sustainability In 2012, Muthu (2015), explains that the Marks & Spencer organized a popular event in partnership with Oxfam referred to as Shwopping. The primary purpose of this event is to encourage its consumers to donate second-hand clothes for reuse or to be remodeled. M&S alongside other companies engage reverse logistics from a green perspective to control the flow of products meant for manufacturing, reuse or disposal (Muthu, 2015). The company also recycles plastic bags and boxes to make tissue papers that are sold in stores. It also promotes organic farming by converting the organic waste from fruits and vegetables into renewable energy. We will write a custom essay sample on Marks and Spencer Sustainability Analysis or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Quality Management System M&S were extensive and cautious global retailers that ensured â€Å"Quality, Value and Service, † (Williamson, 2004). The company’s implementation of the ISO 14001 in 2007 resulted in the establishment of Plan A as a sustainability strategy. The plan was established as an economic and environmental approach consisting 100 goals that are set to be realized by 2015. Brokaw (2012) note that successful implementation of plan A enabled M&S to reduce total carbon emissions by 23%, increase energy efficiency by 31%, shrink waste by 28%, decrease water consumption by 27% and decrease plastic carrier bags by 80%. Kelly (2006) state that M&S actively takes part in initiatives such as Back To Work Program in which M&S provide employment opportunities for disadvantaged people such as the elderly and disabled. Operation Strategy and Sustainability M its base of product users maintain a conscious environment with high alerts and murmurs concerning global warming caused by the emission of greenhouse gasses. Its reliance on Plan A operation and sustainability policy have resulted in some explicit business benefits for M&S (Yudelson, 2009). Conclusion Conclusively, the paper established that M it is a sustainable company.

Essay on Democracy A Unique Form of People Power

The word democracy is derived from the Greek words of â€Å"demos†, referring to people and â€Å"Kratos†, meaning power . The Greeks are credited with developing the earliest forms of democracy around 2,500 years ago. India, Russia, Japan and many other nations have only recently become democratic. Therefore, despite its lengthy history as a concept, democracy has only really become a global reality during the latter half of the 20th century. Democracy means many things to many different people. Winston Churchill has the belief that â€Å"†¦democracy is the worst form of government except all those other forms that have been tried from time to time.† Democracy is certainly a form of government, whereby the people rule through their elected†¦show more content†¦It matters not what your ethnicity is, which religion you adhere to, your race, or gender, or even age. There is of course a voting age in Canada. However it is part of the beauty of democr acy that, even those not of age are welcome to write to their local Member of Parliament or to have their voices heard by other means. Government must not be overly restrictive, as it is only the free man and woman who may unlock their full, unbridled potential. To that effect, we the people have the freedom to decide who shall govern on our behalf, to convey our voices and our wishes, both as a whole and as individuals. Rights are a core component to any democracy. They guarantee all citizens a set of standards and values to call their own. A prime example of the embodiment of right is, The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms . ‘The Charter’ as it is also known as, ensures certain political rights to Canadian citizens and civil rights of everyone in Canada from the procedures and policies of every level of government. By far the most famous rights initiative ever formed was the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights stipulates 30 articles that cover every aspect of human rights and freedoms. Freedom of speech is a prominent right for the basic reason that without it, we would be unable to voice or fight for any other right. It is however a relative right, meaning it mayShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Different Systems of Government755 Words   |  3 Pagesrevolutionised todays modern forms of government. Democracy , Monarchy, Dictatorship, Theocracy, and Anarchy all use various, unique techniques on how to run a civilization. Each of them require different leadership traits in order for it to work properly. 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Essay918 Words   |  4 Pages29 September 2013 What are the Unique Traits of Athenian Democracy? There are several traits that make Athenian democracy unique not only in the ancient world but also in the modern world as well. For the first time in recorded history, citizens had a say in what laws were to govern them . Democracy was an unknown and alien concept in the ancient world, and Athenians knew that their political process was different in and they were intensely proud of it. â€Å"Our form of government does not enter intoRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pagesmajority. This process leads to an unequal society in which the rights of the people are restricted. In the essays, On Liberty and On Representative Government, written by John Stuart Mill, there is a concern for the tyranny of the majority. He expresses his concern in, On Liberty, by supporting an increase in individual liberties. It is expressed again in, On Representative Government, by promoting a true democracy. Mill proposes remedies for combating this tyranny of the majority, and further Read MoreHow Revolutionary Was the American Revolution?1701 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Revolution was truly revolutionary in many ways, including the new ideas of Political Equality of the Classes, Inalienable Rights, and Consent of the Governed. The American Revolution caused the movement of Political Equality for all people, despite class or birth, through many ways, including the abolishment of Primogeniture, the participation of the middle-class in politics, and the increase in lower class land ownership, compared to tenancies. In a quote in his autobiography, ThomasRead More Democracy: An Analysis Essay1358 Words   |  6 Pagesonce remarked that â€Å"democracy is the worst form of government except all the others that have been tried†. In agreement with his statement, this paper will examine the problems of democratic governments using specific examples, and compare it to the failure of fascist governments in Nazi Germany and Italy and communist governments in the Soviet Union and China. Theoretically, democracy is a stable form of government where power is in the hands of the people. In a democracy, people have the libertyRead MoreRole Of Democracy In Western Civilization1325 Words   |  6 PagesDemocracy in Western Civilization How has democracy evolved throughout the Western Civilization? Democracy is a system of government. Throughout Western civilization, it has appeared in Athens, Greece, Persia, and Roman Republic. In the fifth century, the Greek city-state of Athens created the first political system created. And democracy in the Western civilization has made an impact on how our political systems work today. The evolution of democracy is very important. In the eighth century, Greeks

Gas Agency Free Essays

Software requirement specification for BuzzyBUY. com (Online Shopping and auctioning Web Site) Prepared by Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Gas Agency or any similar topic only for you Order Now Purpose 2 2. Document Conventions2 3. Intended Audience and Reading Suggestions2 4. Product Scope2 5. References 2 2. Overall Description 3 1. Product Perspective3 2. Product Functions3 3. User Classes and Characteristics 3 1. Administrators 3 2. Buyers4 3. Sellers 4 4. Casual visitors4 4. Design and Implementation Constraints5 . User Documentation6 6. Assumptions and Dependencies6 3. External Interface Requirements6 1. User Interfaces6 2. Hardware Interfaces6 3. Software Interfaces6 4. Communication Interfaces7 4. System Features7 1. Listing7 2. Account Creation8 3. Selling8 4. Buying8 5. Rating8 6. Others8 5. Other Non Functional Requirements9 1. Performance Requirements9 2. Safety Requirements9 3. Software Quality Attributes 9 4. Business Rules9 6. Appendix A: Glossary9 7. Appendix B: Analysis Models10 1. Introduction: 1. Purpose: The purpose of this SRS is to specify the requirements of the web based software application buzzybuy. om, which is an online shopping and bidding sys tem. The module to be developed is the first version of buzzybuy –version 1. 0. This Software Requirements Specification provides a complete description of all the functions and specifications of buzzybuy –version 1. 0 2. Document conventions: IEEE standards used. Proper sub numbering system for sub topics based on the importance and priority of the matter. 3. Intended audience and reading suggestions:The expected audience of this document is the faculty in charge of software engineering lab for 6th semester Computer Science, NITK suratkal . It will be used as a reference for grading in the lab for even semester of 2006. There is no suggested reading to be done before going through the document. 4. Product scope: Buzzybuy. com is designed to run on both any modern platform with GUI. It is assumed that the back end that will be used for implementation is MySQL and the front end that will be used is PHP. 5. References: 1. The applicable IEEE standards are published in â€Å"IEEE standards collection†, 2001 edition. 2. Software Engineering, A Practitioner’s approach, 6th edition. By Roger S Pressman. McGraw hill international. 2. Overall description 1. Product perspective:This is proposed to be an enhanced model of the present day existing shopping and auctioning portals. Many flaws in the present online shopping portals haven’t been able to exploit the full potential of e-commerce market. The Software Requirements Specifications intends to identify the flaws in the current existing system and propose an alternative or a solution to them. 2. Product Functions: †¢ It consists of two modules 1. Customer module 2. Administrator module †¢ A customer should have a user account for carrying out transactions. †¢ Transactions include buying, selling and auctioning. Administrator provides the customer with an account following proper registration procedures to prevent malpractices in the transactions. †¢ Any visitor is allowed to browse through the product list, their prices and bidding procedures. †¢ Buying, selling and bidding procedures are kept transparent so that any user is able to go through the proced ures. 3. User classes and characteristicsThere are 3 kinds of users for the proposed system 1. Administrators: They create user accounts and give it to the required customers. ? To educate consumers about Buzzybuy’s range of products and indigenous services. They must provide rules for the transactions. ? They must maintain the website and update the same making necessary changes at times. ? They must take care of the security issues involved in the transactions. ? They must inform the users about their transaction status and keep them updated about the progress through emails. ? They must receive feedbacks from their customers or any users about their system and act upon the relevant ones. ? Look up at all the legal issues involved with the business. ? Keep place for advertisements in the website as a revenue generating option. The place has to be maintained and proper listings done. ? Any failures in the system have to be detected and repaired. 2. Buyers: They are the genuine customers of the website. They can see the listing, bid for various things, and also buy them to various payment options. 3. Sellers: These are the people involved in selling their products through buzzybuy. They consider this as a virtual market place. They need to be provided with proper advertisement place, and ratings of customers. The sellers too are rated based on the feedback they get from previous transactions completed from customers. These feedback data are treated with great respect and are transparent to everyone. The sellers too value this very highly. 4. Casual visitors: These people don’t come to the site on specific intensions of buying or selling. They just visit to see the listing and too see the products. They need not have an user account. They can be future potential customers. They sellers can lure them with advertisements on the site based on their budget. The following usecase diagram states the above data in a graphical form: [pic] Fig 1 Usecase Diagram for BuzzyBuy 4. Design and Implementation Constraints The main constraint here would be the checking the genuineness of the buyer, which is not always possible. There can be security risks involved. †¢ The design constraints are that the browser at each place may not follow similar screen resolutions, browsers etc. This can lead to the website not having the impact it is planned to have. †¢ Also the rules of the land will prohibit c ertain items to be sold on the site. Hence all those factors need to be filtered in. †¢ Also storage space constraints may come if the listing becomes too large. Hence a strong server needs to be chosen to host the database. 5. User Documentation: 1. Online user help with all the necessary help needed to use the site in a bulletin format. 2. Problem addressable forms 3. Software and database specification 4. Details of rules and regulation to sellers as well as buyers. 6. Assumptions and Dependencies None as per now 3. External Interface Requirements: 1. User Interfaces: Each part of the user interface intends to be as user friendly as possible. The fonts and buttons used will be intended to be very fast and easy to load on web pages. The pages will be kept light in space so that it won’t take a long time for the page to load. The staring page will ask the user what kind of a user is he, either seller, buyer or a casual visitor. Based on which the future pages will be loaded in a sequential manner. Each listing page will have a area to put the bid, the product details with photo etc. Each page also will have a search engine to search the products available so that it is readily available and the user need not search for it. Each button will have an online help link to help the user in understanding the process. 2. Hardware Interfaces: A web server will be used to host the WebPages and the database management system. Most pages will be dynamic pages built with php. Each page will be optimized to the type of web browser and resolution being used. A minimum of PIII system running at 733 MHz will be needed to run the modules. Normal modes of network modes used in Internet technology will be used. 3. Software Interfaces: The incoming message mostly includes requests for a specific task, which on the course of the development will be decided in detail and dealt with in design specification document. The incoming messages from the messages will be converted to a specific format in the database language, the processing made and the request served. The operations will be intended to be made as fast as possible. 4. Communications Interfaces: The web server maintenance and other activities to be done using FTP transfer protocol. The security and other issues will be dealt with in the course of the project, as there is little idea as to how these things work to our team as per now. There will other communication interfaces with the users of the site with site-specific email, forms and complaint addressable mechanisms. These things as far as possible will be automated. 4. System Features 1. Listing: This includes the listing feature of the website where any search or other request of a user to a particular subject is served. The pertinent web pages are loaded and the particular database is initialized. There are listings based on the priority as by user preferences. This is actually the listing of web pages to the users by time of selling, deadline, price, quality etc. Listing includes listing of o Products to be sold directly o Products open for bidding till a particular date o Sellers in a particular area or with specific ratings o Used products on for sale. Just casual listings of random things o Payment options to buy or sell. |Action |Software reaction | |User logs in the system |The system authenticates | |User defines the information to view |System provides the necessary details as requested by the | | |particular employee | |User views the information | | Table No 1. The table states a typical control passing in the system during logging in Listings will be made very fast and user friendly. Proper security is also a very pertinent point here. 2. Account creation: This includes creating user accounts to each of sellers and buyers separately. This includes taking pertinent information from them and then initializing the database. The database needs to be properly updated on each transaction by the user and all the details of his/her account should figure in the account listing. The security of the account also should be dealt with. 3. Selling:Here the seller can list his/her things on his /her quoted price. Or else he can keep it for a bidding process where he is not sure of the price. The details of which will be kept in the user database. The details of his goods on selling list will be updated to him on a regular basis to his email id. The process of selling can include some bargaining too, but the details are yet to be thought of. The payment and feed back details are kept transparent. 4. Buying:There are 4 ways of buying or intending to buy o Direct buying o Bidding o Group buying o Tracking The details of which will be dealt with in the design specification. Each of these details are kept in the user account where he is kept updated about all his moves. 5. Ratings: Each products, buyers and sellers are constantly rated based on the feedback and the market behavior so that users feel secure about the system. These ratings are given based on a best pointer of five, the details of which are yet to be worked out. These ratings are intended to bring some trust and credibility to the concept of an online market. 6. Others: Include money transactions, legal issues, regional tastes, costs involved, business models used etc pertinent issues but won’t be seen in detail in the document as the things are beyond the reach of the design team. 5. Other Nonfunctional Requirements: 1. Performance Requirements: As stated before. 2. Safety Requirements: Suitable safety has to be taken while allowing a product to be sold on buzzybuy. They have to follow the legalities of the land, and must be ethical. There could be possible misuse of the system by bogus user, bidding and buying without paying up. It is not always possible to check the postal addresses. Also during money transactions the unreliable networks may cause further problems. So such practices need to be avoided. 3. Software Quality Attribute: The system is easy to load and light . It adds to the quality and usability of the system. Some others quality considerations such as adaptability, availability, correctness, flexibility, interoperability, maintainability, portability, reliability, reusability, robustness, testability, and usability will also be very seriously taken to consideration. 4. Business Rules: Nothing is above customer satisfaction. So the rules need to be kept flexible to meet user needs and preferences at different times. Other models can be applied but is beyond the scope of the team. . Appendix A: Glossary 1. SRS: Software requirement specification 2. GUI: Graphical user interface. 3. PHP: Personal home pages 4. IEEE: Institute of electrical and electronic engineers. 5. FTP: File transfer protocol 6. SQL: Structural query language. 7. Appendix B: Analysis Models [pic] ———————– Central Processing server Listing Selling Buying Administration Administrator Casual visitor Seller Buyer Buyer Seller Casual visitor Administrator Administration Buying Selling Listing Central Processing server How to cite Gas Agency, Essay examples